Advances in the bladder cancer research using 3D culture models
Main Article Content
Keywords
bladder cancer, cell culture, 3D culture models, 3D bioprinting
Abstract
Bladder cancer represents the most common malignancy of the urinary system, posing a significant threat to patients' life. Animal models and two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures, among other traditional models, have been used for years to study various aspects of bladder cancer. However, these methods are subject to various limitations when mimicking the tumor microenvironment in vivo, thus hindering the further improvement of bladder cancer treatments. Recently, three-dimensional (3D) culture models have attracted extensive attention since they overcome the shortcomings of their traditional counterparts. Most importantly, 3D culture models more accurately reproduce the tumor microenvironment in the human body because they can recapitulate the cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions. 3D culture models can thereby help us gain deeper insight into the bladder cancer. The 3D culture models of tumor cells can extend the culture duration and allow for co-culturing with different cell types. Study of patient-specific bladder cancer mutations and subtypes is made possible by the ability to preserve cells isolated from particular patients in 3D culture models. It will be feasible to develop customized treatments that target relevant signaling pathways or biomarkers. This article reviews the development, application, advantages, and limitations of traditional modeling systems and 3D culture models used in the study of bladder cancer and discusses the potential application of 3D culture models.
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References
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8. Ikari R, Mukaisho KI, Kageyama S, Nagasawa M, Kubota S, Nakayama T, et al. Differences in the Central Energy Metabolism of Cancer Cells between Conventional 2D and Novel 3D Culture Systems. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Feb;22(4):1805. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041805 PMID:33670390
9. Jiang X, Lei T, Zhang M. Expression and Functions of Formyl Peptide Receptor 1 in Drug-Resistant Bladder Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan;17:1533034618769413. https://doi.org/10.1177/1533034618769413 PMID:29665744
10. Yu S, Meng Q, Hu H, Zhang M. Correlation of ANXA1 expression with drug resistance and relapse in bladder cancer. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2014 Aug;7(9):5538–48. PMID:25337195
11. Zuiverloon TC, de Jong FC, Costello JC, Theodorescu D. Systematic Review: Characteristics and Preclinical Uses of Bladder Cancer Cell Lines. Bladder Cancer. 2018 Apr;4(2):169–83. https://doi.org/10.3233/BLC-180167 PMID:29732388
12. Jamieson LE, Harrison DJ, Campbell CJ. Chemical analysis of multicellular tumour spheroids. Analyst (Lond). 2015 Jun;140(12):3910–20. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5AN00524H PMID:25923379
13. Reis LO, Pereira TC, Favaro WJ, Cagnon VH, Lopes-Cendes I, Ferreira U. Experimental animal model and RNA interference: a promising association for bladder cancer research. World J Urol. 2009 Jun;27(3):353–61. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-009-0374-4 PMID:19214530
14. Oliveira PA, Arantes-Rodrigues R, Vasconcelos-Nóbrega C. Animal models of urinary bladder cancer and their application to novel drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov. 2014 May;9(5):485–503. https://doi.org/10.1517/17460441.2014.902930 PMID:24670247
15. Asanuma H, Arai T, Seguchi K, Kawauchi S, Satoh H, Kikuchi M, et al. Successful diagnosis of orthotopic rat superficial bladder tumor model by ultrathin cystoscopy. J Urol. 2003 Feb;169(2):718–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(05)64000-1 PMID:12544350
16. Holmäng S, Cano M, Grenabo L, Hedelin H, Johansson SL. Effect of indomethacin on N-[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]formamide-induced urinary tract carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis. 1995 Jul;16(7):1493–8. https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/16.7.1493 PMID:7614682
17. Montie JE. Profiling the evolution of human metastatic bladder cancer. J Urol. 2005 Aug;174(2):485–6. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ju.0000171071.88466.cc PMID:16006872
18. Watanabe T, Shinohara N, Sazawa A, Harabayashi T, Ogiso Y, Koyanagi T, et al. An improved intravesical model using human bladder cancer cell lines to optimize gene and other therapies. Cancer Gene Ther. 2000 Dec;7(12):1575–80. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.cgt.7700261 PMID:11228536
19. Wilmanns C, Fan D, Obrian C, Radinsky R, Bucana C, Tsan R, et al. Modulation of Doxorubicin sensitivity and level of p-glycoprotein expression in human colon-carcinoma cells by ectopic and orthotopic environments in nude-mice. Int J Oncol. 1993 Sep;3(3):413–22. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.3.3.413 PMID:21573380
20. Overdevest JB, Thomas S, Kristiansen G, Hansel DE, Smith SC, Theodorescu D. CD24 offers a therapeutic target for control of bladder cancer metastasis based on a requirement for lung colonization. Cancer Res. 2011 Jun;71(11):3802–11. https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-0519 PMID:21482678
21. Costa EC, Moreira AF, de Melo-Diogo D, Gaspar VM, Carvalho MP, Correia IJ. 3D tumor spheroids: an overview on the tools and techniques used for their analysis. Biotechnol Adv. 2016 Dec;34(8):1427–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.11.002 PMID:27845258
22. Patel VG, Oh WK, Galsky MD. Treatment of muscle-invasive and advanced bladder cancer in 2020. CA Cancer J Clin. 2020 Sep;70(5):404–23. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21631 PMID:32767764
23. Zhang ZT, Pak J, Shapiro E, Sun TT, Wu XR. Urothelium-specific expression of an oncogene in transgenic mice induced the formation of carcinoma in situ and invasive transitional cell carcinoma. Cancer Res. 1999 Jul;59(14):3512–7. PMID:10416618
24. Kompier LC, Lurkin I, van der Aa MN, van Rhijn BW, van der Kwast TH, Zwarthoff EC. FGFR3, HRAS, KRAS, NRAS and PIK3CA mutations in bladder cancer and their potential as biomarkers for surveillance and therapy. PLoS One. 2010 Nov;5(11):e13821. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0013821 PMID:21072204
25. Ayala de la Peña F, Kanasaki K, Kanasaki M, Tangirala N, Maeda G, Kalluri R. Loss of p53 and acquisition of angiogenic microRNA profile are insufficient to facilitate progression of bladder urothelial carcinoma in situ to invasive carcinoma. J Biol Chem. 2011 Jun;286(23):20778–87. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M110.198069 PMID:21388952
26. Badr-Eldin SM, Aldawsari HM, Kotta S, Deb PK, Venugopala KN. Three-Dimensional In Vitro Cell Culture Models for Efficient Drug Discovery: Progress So Far and Future Prospects. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2022 Jul;15(8):926. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15080926 PMID:36015074
27. Knight E, Przyborski S. Advances in 3D cell culture technologies enabling tissue-like structures to be created in vitro. J Anat. 2015 Dec;227(6):746–56. https://doi.org/10.1111/joa.12257 PMID:25411113
28. Burgués JP, Gómez L, Pontones JL, Vera CD, Jiménez-Cruz JF, Ozonas M. A chemosensitivity test for superficial bladder cancer based on three-dimensional culture of tumour spheroids. Eur Urol. 2007 Apr;51(4):962–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2006.10.034 PMID:17084017
29. Medle B, Sjödahl G, Eriksson P, Liedberg F, Höglund M, Bernardo C. Patient-Derived Bladder Cancer Organoid Models in Tumor Biology and Drug Testing: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel). 2022 Apr;14(9):2062. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14092062 PMID:35565191
30. Lee SH, Hu W, Matulay JT, Silva MV, Owczarek TB, Kim K, et al. Tumor Evolution and Drug Response in Patient-Derived Organoid Models of Bladder Cancer. Cell. 2018 Apr;173(2):515–528.e17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2018.03.017 PMID:29625057
31. Elbadawy M, Usui T, Mori T, Tsunedomi R, Hazama S, Nabeta R, et al. Establishment of a novel experimental model for muscle-invasive bladder cancer using a dog bladder cancer organoid culture. Cancer Sci. 2019 Sep;110(9):2806–21. https://doi.org/10.1111/cas.14118 PMID:31254429
32. Mullenders J, de Jongh E, Brousali A, Roosen M, Blom JP, Begthel H, et al. Mouse and human urothelial cancer organoids: A tool for bladder cancer research. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2019 Mar;116(10):4567–74. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1803595116 PMID:30787188
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May 30, 2023
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Gu, Y., Lu, Y., Xiong, Y., Zhan, X., Liu, T., Tang, M., Xie, A., Liu, X., & Fu, B. (2023). Advances in the bladder cancer research using 3D culture models. Bladder, 10, e21200005. https://doi.org/10.14440/bladder.2023.856
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